李学生 （lixueshenglxs@21cn.com）　2007.05

四、笔者对于现代物理学基础的思考

一部近代物理学史启示我们：“功夫应在文章外”，最可能带来根本性突破的理论创新，应该是在旧有理论的框架之外独立地提出某种全新的概念，再以此为基础构筑起既可以兼容旧有理论、解释已有的观测数据又能够定量地预言未知效应的自洽的理论，而这些在旧理论中不能得出的预言必须可以接受实验观测的检验、最好能够使用现有的实验观测手段立即加以检验。所有这一切都仰仗期望中的那个新概念的建立——这是真正意义上的原始性理论创新，如费曼所说的，“要想象一些你从未看过的事物，这些事物必须跟已经看到过的东西完全吻合不悖，同时又要和已被想出来的完全不同；此外，它更必须是一些明确、不模糊的设想。那真是困难呀。” 【1】，“在主流科学家不赞成的情况下，提出自己的看法，坚持自己的看法，并不断用科学方法加以验证，……而且要准备有一段时间坐冷板凳，或者是受到各种批评。” 【2】：“科学家会做的是聆听，如果对方说的听起来很值得尝试，他的想法很是与别不同，粗看之下没有和以前累积下来的观测结果矛盾，那么就很让人兴奋，值得一试。你不会担心他到底研究了多久或者是为什么他要你听他说。就这方面而言，新想法从何而来根本无关重要。” 【1】Einstein给人类留下的最大财富是他的那种质疑权威和常识的开创性思维方式！这一点不但科学界受益很大，就连对于整个社会都有重大的积极价值！！Einstein说：“阻碍我们学习的正是我们所受到的教育”。

笔者通过认真地思考，提出了自己对于现代物理学基础的认识，恳请同行前辈们赐教！

(问题原文1)

(Original question text 1)

经典电动力学认为加速运动的电荷能够辐射电磁波,而量子力学指出电子在同一能级内做加速运动不能辐射电磁波,能否把它们统一起来? 如何解释下面的理想实验：假设真空中有两个物体，一个不带电荷，另一个带有电荷，它们的引力质量相等，分别位于A、B两点，同时由静止出发相向运动，它们所受的力相等。按照狭义相对论，它们的引力质量在任何时刻都相等，引力能量相等，可是由质子组成的物体将不断地辐射电磁波，那么能量从何而来？如果能量守恒把物体辐射的电磁波考虑在内，由于电磁力满足宇称守恒, 电磁波向空间各个方向辐射是等可能，因此辐射电磁波的动量应当为0，由质子组成的物体速度应当大，能量仍然不守恒。

Classical electric mechanics confirmed that accelerating charge must eradiate electromagnetic wave, while at the same time, quantum theory confirmed electron accelerates in the same energy-interzone in atom never radiate electromagnetic wave, is it possible to be united in theory? How to comprehend the following ideal test: let’s suppose there are two objects in vacuum, one has no charge; while the other has ositive charge, the both objects just have the same gravity mass, and just locate at points A and B separately. The both objects start to move at the same time with the same orientation, they both stand equivalent force. According to narrow sense relativity, their gravity mass must be equivalent constantly, the gravity energy must be equivalent constantly. Meanwhile, the object consists of rotons would radiate electromagnetic waves, what’s the energy origin? If energy conservation considers the exhaustion of the electromagnetic radiation, as electromagnetic force satisfies the principle of cosmic-symmetry conservation, as the radiation scope of all directions is equivalent, the momentum calculation of electromagnetic radiation should be zero, the velocity of the object consisting of proton must be large, and the energy of system can not be constant.

(问题原文2)

(Original question text 2)

现代物理学认为光子不带有电量，可是电荷之间的作用力通过交换光子实现，如何理解这一关系呢？洛伦兹变换变换中的奇点如何解释，笔者认为光子应该带有电量，只是太小，实验中可能观察不到，这样便可圆满解释洛伦兹变换中的奇点问题。现代物理学认为中微子具有引力质量,但运动速度等于光速，如何利用洛伦兹变换解释这个问题，如果是亚光速粒子，宇称守恒与宇称不守恒矛盾，如何解释？引力场与电磁场的传播速度相等，在此背后是否有更本质的内涵？

Modern physics think photon has none charge, while the reciprocity between charges is realized by exchanging hotons, how to comprehend the relationship? How to explain the phenomena of ”strange-point”[奇点] of Lorentz-transformation, I think photon should has its innate charge, just because the charge quantity is rather tiny, it is very difficult for us to perceive, and thus, it would be consequently convenient for us to explain the phenomena of the ”strange-point” of Lorentz-transformation. Modern physics confirmed that [中微子] has its gravity mass, while its transmitting speed equals light-velocity, how to explain the phenomena with Lorentz-transformation. If it is sub-velocity photon, cosmic-symmetry and non-cosmic-symmetry will consequentially conflict with each other, how to explain this issue? The transmitting speeds of gravitational field and electromagnetic wave are equivalent; is there still some even essential mystery hiding behind?

(问题原文3)

(Original question text 3)

在狭义相对论中，根据洛伦兹变换运动物体的长度在运动方向上收缩，是观察效应，还是本质规律，是否具有累积效应？假设一个物体在运动方向上的长度为l，开始由静止做加速运动，当速度达到0.99c时开始加速直到静止，那么开始与最后的长度是否相等？如果相等说明不具有累积效应，可是时间变换也符合洛沦兹变换，为什么现代物理学的实验证明（譬如μ子绕地运行）具有累积效应？时间与长度的变换符合洛沦兹变换.如果仅仅是观测效应，显然不符合爱因斯坦的哲学观——“有一个独立于知觉之外的客观世界是一切自然科学的基础”，您如何理解这个关系？您如何理解双生子佯谬和潜水艇悖论？笔者重新分析了洛伦兹变换，说明了其真实含义，使狭义相对论时钟收缩效应与广义相对论的时钟收缩效应统一在一起，圆满地解释了双生子佯谬和潜水艇悖论，说明了相对性原理正确的原因,不知是否正确？

In narrow sense relativity, according to Lorentz-transformation that the length of object will shrink in moving direction, is it observation domino offect or essential material gulation, and whether it has cumulation domino offect? Let’s suppose there is an object with its length L in its moving direction, and it starts to accelerate from original stationary state. When its speed approaches 0.99c it shifts to decelerates to rest, then whether its final length equals its original length? If not equivalent, it implies this process does not have cumulation domino offect, but the time transformation accords with the Lorentz-transformation, why modern physics tests proved that it has cumulation domino offect? (Such as the circle motion of the particle μ around the earth,) and the transformation of time and length accords with Lorentz-transformation too. If it is only observation domino offect, it obviously does not accord with Einstein’s philosophy ------“there is a positive world exists independently out of sentience”. How do you explain the correlation? How do you comprehend the双生子佯谬和潜水艇悖论？I have re-analyzed the Lorentz transformation, explained its real meaning, and explained the causes of the correction of the relativity rinciple.

(问题原文4)

(Original question text 4)

根据相对论空间与时间是密不可分的，笔者认为空间与时间是等价的，并假设1s=3.0×10^8m,这样可以把国际基本物理量减少1个，并在此基础上根据量纲得到了 质能方程，不知是否正确？

According to relativity, space and time is correlated, I think space and time is equivalent, and let’s suppose 1s=3.0×10^8m, thus we can reduce one of the international fundamental physical units, and deduce mass and energy equation based on it, I wonder if I was all right?

(问题原文5)

(Original question text 5)

爱因斯坦一直把相对论称为场论，而人们总是把相对论称为研究时空的理论，那么场和时空到底是什么关系？笔者认为场的本质是时空，是相对时空。

Einstein always called relativity as field theory, and people always treat relativity as theory about spacetime, what is the correlation between field and spacetime on earth? I think the essence of field is just spacetime, relative spacetime.

(问题原文6)

(Original question text 6)

现代物理学的理论是根据对称产生的，可是我们周围的世界又是不对称的，李政道教授把分立对称性失效的原因列为21世纪科技界面临的四大难题之一,您如何理解这个问题呢？笔者根据相对绝对论和现代科技理论提出了对称的相对性与绝对性原理，不知是否正确？广义相对论认为一切参考系都等价，无法确定整个宇宙的运动状态，可是大爆炸理论却认为这个宇宙处于膨胀阶段，如何理解这一关系？

Modern physical theory derived from symmetry theory, while the surrounding about us is not symmetrical, rofessor Li Zhen Dao thought the causes of separate symmetry invalidation was one of the four difficult issues human confronting in the 21^st century, how do comprehend this issue? I offered the relativity of symmetry and absoluteness principle. I wonder whether I am all right. General relativity thinks all coordinates are equivalent, there is no way to confirm the integrity motion state of the whole cosmos, while the Big Bang theory confirms that the cosmos is just in expanding phase, how to comprehend the correlation?

(问题原文7)

(Original question text 7)

电子的电磁质量问题。

Issues about the electromagnetic mass of electron

现代物理学认为电磁质量是引力质量的一部分，笔者通过十八年的思考后认为电磁质量不可能是引力质量的一部分，原因有六个方面：

Modern physics confirmed that electromagnetic mass is a part of gravity mass, I think it is impossible for electromagnetic mass to a part of gravity mass after thinking of it for 18 years, the causes are generally as the following six ones.

第一，物体的静止质量是内禀的，是个常数，有人认为电磁质量是应该与静止质量有关的，电磁场的能量由电荷决定，跟电量与带电体的运动状态无关，引力质量与运动状态有关。当电子加速运动的时候，其电量是不会改变，所以其电磁质量不会发生改变，电磁质量不满足Lorentz transformation，因此把电磁质量作为引力质量的一部分存在着不协调性——只要维持电子电荷值不变的观念，这个问题不管怎么也解释不通。这中间，要么质速关系式错了，要么就是电子电荷值不变的信念错了，然而这与实验事实又高度一致。由于公式E＝mc²，物体的引力结合能具有(负)质量，因而系统总质量不等于各部分质量之和．而在麦克斯韦理论中，作为线性理论的直接结果，电荷(类比于质量)是严格可加的．

The first, the stationary mass of object is introversive, and it is a constant, someone think that electromagnetic mass should have correlation with stationary mass, the energy of electromagnetic field depends on the charge, and it has nothing to do with the quantity of charge and the motion status, while gravity mass is related with motion status. When electron accelerates, its charge quantity won’t change, as a result, its electromagnetic mass is constant, and the electromagnetic mass won’t satisfy Lorentz transformation，thus, there is obvious inconsonance if we treat electromagnetic mass as a part of the gravity mass ---- as long as we insist the idea that the charge quantity of any electron is a constant. There seems no way for us to explain this issue. Due to this issue, either the correlation between mass and velocity is wrong, or the belief that the electron charge quantity is a constant is wrong. Meanwhile, it looks much congruent with test data. According to equation E＝mc²， the gravitational coalescent energy has its (negative) mass, as a result, the total mass does not equal the summation of all separate arts, while in Maxwell theory, as the direct deduction of linearity theory, charge (compared to mass) can be strictly added u

第二，电磁力存在吸引与排斥两种状态，只有物体带电时才有，而引力是永远存在的；电子、质子等带电粒子之间的电磁力远大于万有引力，电磁质量远大于引力质量，电磁质量不可能是引力质量的一部分；电子激发的电磁场的能量小于电子的电磁质量，正如物体激发的引力场能量小于引力质量的能量一样。根据质速关系引力质量可以连续变化，而电荷和电磁场呈量子化分布，现代物理学未让量子力学进入的唯一领域是引力和宇宙的大尺度结构，将引力场量子化遇到无穷大的困难。重整化可以消除无限大的问题，但是由于重整化意味着引力质量的作用力的强度的实际值不能从理论上得到预言，必须被选择以去适合观测，因此重整化有一严重缺陷。目前要取得进展，能够建议采用的最有力的方法，就是在企图完成和推广组成理论物理现有基础的数学形式时，利用纯数学的所有源泉，并在这个方面取得每次成功之后，试着用物理的实体来解释新的数学特色。

The second, electromagnetic force has two situations of attraction and repulsion, electromagnetic force exists only when objects have charges, while gravity exists for ever; electromagnetic force between particles with charges such as electron and roton are far larger than gravity, electromagnetic mass is far larger than gravitational mass, and electromagnetic mass can not be a part of gravitational mass; the energy amount of electromagnetic field derived from electron is less than electromagnetic mass of electron, it is just the same as gravitational energy derived from object is less than gravity mass. According to the correction of mass and velocity, gravity mass can vary continuously, while charge and electromagnetic field exhibit quantum distribution, the unique field that modern physics did not introduce quantum theory into is gravity and cosmic macroscale structure, the introduction of quantum to gravitational field met the difficulty of infinity. Readjustment can eliminate the issue of infinity, but readjustment lead to another conflict that the action strength of gravity mass practically measured is not congruent with theoretical prediction, it must be chosen so as to fit observation, as a result, readjustment has a serious shortcoming. At present, in order to procure expedient progress, 能够建议采用的最有力的方法，就是在企图完成和推广组成理论物理现有基础的数学形式时，利用纯数学的所有源泉，并在这个方面取得每次成功之后，试着用物理的实体来解释新的数学特色。(I can not be sure to understand this sentence well.)

第三，电磁场具有正负，电磁质量应当相反，而物体的引力质量无此区别。电荷分为正负，但电场的能量密度却总是正的，所以积分得到的电磁能量总是正的，因而电磁质量也总是一个正值。根据牛顿第二定律，惯性质量是表征当物体受到外力作用的时候，物体运动状态改变的难易程度，即物体保持原来运动状态的本领大小的物理量。这个和电荷的正负无关，所以正负电子可以具有相同的惯性质量。当正负电荷中和的时候，电磁质量增加，引力质量没增加，但正负电荷中和会释放原来具有的电势能，即原来的电磁质量会转化为别的能量，如正负电荷中和释放两个光子，则原来的电磁质量就转化到了光子中。那么转化的机制是什么？同种电荷的电磁力相互排斥，异种电荷的电磁力相互吸引，电荷之间的作用力依靠电磁场来传递，为什么电磁场的能量都是正值？一个中性原子的电磁场的能量为0，说明正负电荷激发的电磁场的能量相反。

The third, there are positive electromagnetic field and negative electromagnetic field, proportionally, the electromagnetic mass of electromagnetic fields should be contrary, while gravity mass of object has none difference like this. There are positive charge and negative charge, but the energy density of electric field is all positive, as a result, the integral electromagnetic energy is always positive, electromagnetic mass is always a positive value. According to the second law of Newtonian, inertial mass is a physical quantity represents the difficult degree for motion state to change when object stands a force. In another word, it is just a physical quantity represents the ability to maintain its original motion state. It has nothing to do with charge character of positive or negative, accordingly, positive electron and negative electron may have the same inertial mass, when positive charge and negative charge counteract electromagnetic mass will increase consequently, while gravity mass keep constant, but positive charge and negative charge counteract will release its original electric otential energy, it implies the original electromagnetic mass has been changed into energy of some certain style, for instance, unit positive charge and unit negative charge counteract will release two photons, it implies the original electromagnetic mass has turned into photon. Meanwhile, what is the transmutation mechanism? The electromagnetic force between the same charge exhibits mutual repulsion, electromagnetic force between different charge exhibit mutual attraction, the action between charges is implemented by the transition of medium of electromagnetic field, why all the energy of electromagnetic field is positive value? The energy of electromagnetic field of a neuter atom is zero, it implies the electromagnetic field energy of positive charge and negative charge is contrary.

第四，Einstein的广义相对论是引力理论，把引力场量子化给出引力场的量子成为引力子，它应具有自旋为2，和electric field 的量子——光子性质很不相同。近年来理论上对超对称性的探讨提供了新的可能性，超对称性在自旋不同的粒子间建立了联系，因此就有可能把引力相互作用和其它相互作用联系起来，通过超对称性建立的四种相互作用的统一理论称为超大统一理论。但是根据对称的相对性与绝对性原理，超对称的工作是没有止境的。超对称要求除引力子外，还应当有自旋3/2的引力微子存在，但是实验上并没有发现它的存在。另外量子化的引力理论遇到了难以克服的无穷大困难；

The fourth, Einstein’s General lativity is gravitational theory, quantified the gravitational field into quanta will consequently reach the gravity-quantum, gravity-quantum should have spin 2, it is much different from the quantum of electric field ----- photon, in the recent years, as the establishment of gravity-quantum, it offered new ossibility for super symmetry theory, super symmetry theory established correlations between particles with different spin number, thus it is possible to relate gravity with other reciprocities, we just call the unification theory that related the four fundamental actions by super symmetry as super unification theory. But according to principle of relativity and absolutization theory, the effort of super symmetry has no end, super symmetry demands the existence of gravity-微子 with spin 2/3 except gravity-quantum. Further, quantumized gravity theory meet the difficulty of infinity, which is substantively difficult for it to overcome.

第五，引力质量都占有一定的空间，也就是具有体积，而电磁质量没有体积，因此量子电动力学的点模型观点是正确的。

The fifth, the gravity mass occupies some certain space; as a result, it has its volume, while electromagnetic mass has no volume, as a result, the idea of point model of quantum electric mechanics is all right.

第六，电磁质量和引力质量可以分离，存在Maxwell理论中脱离物体携带能量的场。最近，法国里昂的科学家发现了有四个 中子组成的粒子，又称为“零号元素”。最新的实验表明，中微子具有引力质量，大约为电子引力质量的50000分之一。中微子具有引力质量但是不带有 electric charge——电磁质量。现代物理学认为除了带电介子外，还存在中性介子，其（引力）质量恰好等于或者近似等于（其实相等）带电介子的（引力）质量，性质相似。Einstein指出了波函数坍缩过程与相对论之间的不相容性，Einstein的这一分析是关于量子力学与相对论的不相容性的最早认识。

The sixth, electromagnetic mass and gravity mass can be isolated, and there are fields separated from objects and with energy just as Maxwell theory mentioned. Recently, in lyons France, scientist had found particles consisting of four neutrons, we call it ”number 0 element”. Last test prove, 中微子 has its gravity mass, it is about the 1/50000 of the gravity mass of electron. 中微子has its gravity mass but has none electric charge ------ electromagnetic mass. Modern physics confirmed, besides mesotron with charge, there are still litmusless mesotron, whose gravity mass just equals or nearly equals the gravity mass of the mesotron with charge, and the characters of the both mesotron are rather similar. Einstein had pointed out the inconsonance between wave function collapsing process and relativity, the analysis of Einstein was the primary cognition about the inconsonance between quantum theory and lativity.

Einstein当时已经认识到 electric charge没有引力质量的问题，指明引力场和electric field是逻辑上毫无联系的部分。文章首先回顾了惯性质量和引力质量之间的关系的认识，然后分析了经典电动力学和量子电动力学对于电磁质量计算结果的差异，从六个方面分析了电磁质量不是引力质量的一部分，通过把引力质量与电磁质量区分开来，说明了希格斯机制的引入是多余的，希格斯粒子根本不存在,把电量的度量单位库仑与质量的度量单位千克统一起来，从而把国际基本物理量减少为5个，从根本上解决了升降机中静止电荷的辐射问题和狭义相对论中的奇点问题——光子的静止质量问题，提出了Lorentz transformation变换不适用于电磁质量，量子力学的统计观点不适用于引力质量，从根本上解决了“薛定谔猫徉谬”的问题，把质能方程从引力质量推广到电磁质量，预言了新的能量来源，定性地解释了类星体的爆炸，通过电磁质量的量子化解决了夸克禁闭问题，解释了光速不变性原理、光速为物体运动的极限速度的原因与广义相对论的红移危机，说明了引力与电磁力的传播速度相等的原因，预言了光子带有极其微弱的电量、质子与电子辐射的光子的能量相反以及引力波为横波，否定了“超光速问题”，分析了中微子问题、量子力学的基础，根据引力场的space-time本质的观点从根本上解决了Einstein与哥本哈根学派之间关系量子力学基础之间的争论，不知是否正确？

Einstein had realized the issue that electric charge has no gravity mass, and pointed out that gravitational field had none logic relationship with electric field. The article first viewed the cognition of the relationship between inertial mass and gravity mass, then analyzed the calculation result discrepancies of electromagnetic mass separately derived from classical electric mechanics and quantum electric mechanics, analyzed that electromagnetic mass is not a part of gravity mass from six points, by the distinguishing gravity mass and electromagnetic mass apart, illuminate the introduction of 希格斯mechanism is redundant, 希格斯particle was non-existence at all,

(问题原文8)

(Original question text 8)

超导体为何成电阻，目前超导体研究现状如何？现代科学如何认识地磁场形成的原因的，以及磁偏角？ 波的衍射条件背后是否存在更本质的规律？全反射的本质是什么？能否从光子的角度解释 ？——波粒二象性，其它波是否也具有全反射，如何应用？全反射现象说明了光在同一种介质中并非一定沿直线传播。能量最低原理认为物体只有处于最低状态才稳定，在这些现象背后是否存在着更本质的规律？

What makes superconductor still resistance, what about the progress of current superconductor study? How modern science comes to realize the formation cause of geomagnetic field and the geomagnetic orientation warp? Are there still some certain even more essential regulations hiding behind the diffraction conditions of wave? What’s the essence of complete reflection? Can we explain it from the point of photon? ------ Wave and particle duality, can any other kind of waves reflect completely? How to apply this? Complete reflection implies that photons are not surely transmitted along direct line in the same medium. Energy lowest principle confirmed that it is most constant only when the object consists in lowest energy state, are there some more essential fundamentals behind these phenomena?

(问题原文9)

(Original question text 9)

现代物理学认为弱相互作用和强相互作用只适用于微观世界，可是微观与宏观没有截然的界限，这显然存在着不协调性，而且与宇宙全息统一论的思想不一致。现代物理学已经把电磁力与强相互作用的统一问题起来，可是对于电磁力同种电荷相互排斥，而相对于强相互作用作用力的方向相反，如何理解这一关系？笔者指明了四种相互作用力之间的关系，万有引力与弱相互作用、电磁力与强相互作用是互为反作用力，在此基础上分析了宇宙常数、暗物质与暗能量的问题，从根本上否定了宇宙大爆炸理论和黑洞的存在，定性地解释了“DI海格立斯双星进动”问题，对统一场论的研究可能会有所帮助，不知是否正确？

Modern physics thinks that the strong force and weak force only applies in microcosmos, while between the microcosmos and macrocosmos, there is none definite circumscription. It obviously implies inconsonance, and conflicts with cosmos holographic unification theory. Modern hysics has unified electromagnetic force and strong force, but electromagnetic force appear the same charge leading to mutual repulsion, compared to strong force, its action direction is contrary, how to comprehend the correlation? I have point out the correlation of the four type of essential force, gravity and weak force、electromagnetic force and strong force are just mutual counterforce, and analyzed the cosmic constant、dark matter and dark energy issue based on it, essentially negated the Big Bang theory and the existence of Black Hole. Qualitatively explained the “DI海格立斯双星进动”issue, it may good for the study of unification field theory, I wonder if I am all right?

笔者从唯物辩证法出发，结合现代科技通过多方面论证相对绝对论是自然界的一条基本规律，利用对称的相对性与绝对性原理解释了分立对称性失效的根本原因；狭义相对论认为时间与空间是密不可分的，那么space-time的本质是什么？笔者经过认真地思考后提出了“space-time平权理论和引力场的space-time本质的观点”，阐述了时间与空间的关系，指出空间是静止的时间，时间是运动的空间，把时间单位与空间单位统一起来，使国际基本物理量减少一个，在此基础上根据量纲推导出了质能方程，指明了暗物质与暗能量的来源于space-time（引力场）；狭义相对论认为，静止质量是不变的，运动质量是改变的，变化的机制又是什么？笔者通过修正Lorentz transformation变换，圆满地解释了双生子徉谬和潜水艇悖论，使狭义相对论中的尺缩钟慢效应与广义相对论效应统一起来,说明了相对性原理正确的原因。

文章的主题是阐述引力质量与电磁质量的关系。Einstein当时已经认识到 electric charge没有引力质量的问题，指明引力场和lectriec field是逻辑上毫无联系的部分。文章首先回顾了惯性质量和引力质量之间的关系的认识，然后分析了经典电动力学和量子电动力学对于电磁质量计算结果的差异，从六个方面分析了电磁质量不是引力质量的一部分，通过把引力质量与电磁质量区分开来，把电量的度量单位库仑与质量的度量单位千克统一起来，从而把国际基本物理量减少为5个，说明了希格斯机制的引入是多余的，希格斯粒子根本不存在,说明了牛顿力学不适用于微观世界的主要原因，从根本上解决了升降机中静止电荷的辐射问题和狭义相对论中的奇点问题——光子的静止质量问题，提出了Lorentz transformation变换不适用于电磁质量，量子力学的统计观点不适用于引力质量，从根本上解决了“薛定谔猫徉谬”的问题，把质能方程从引力质量推广到电磁质量，预言了新的能量来源，定性地解释了类星体的爆炸，通过电磁质量的量子化解决了夸克禁闭问题，解释了光速不变性原理、光速为物体运动的极限速度的原因与广义相对论的红移危机，说明了引力与电磁力的传播速度相等的原因，预言了光子带有极其微弱的电量、质子与电子辐射的光子的能量相反以及引力波为横波，否定了“超光速问题”，提出了太阳能的本原是电磁能，从根本上解决太阳中微子失踪之迷，分析了中微子问题、量子力学的基础，根据引力场的space-time本质的观点从根本上解决了Einstein与哥本哈根学派之间关系量子力学基础之间的争论。

现代科学认为，自然界由很少的几条规则支配，而存在着无限多种这些支配规律容许的状态和结构。任何尚未发现的力，必将是极微弱的，或其效应将受到强烈的限制。这些效应，要么被限制在极短的距离内，要么只对极其特殊的客体起作用。现代物理学认为弱相互作用和强相互作用只适用于微观世界，可是微观与宏观没有截然的界限，这显然存在着不协调性。笔者指明了四种相互作用力之间的关系，万有引力与弱相互作用、电磁力与强相互作用是互为反作用力，从根本上解决了宇宙常数、暗物质与暗能量、引力徉谬和密度徉谬、太阳角动量的逃逸的问题，否定了Big Bang Cosmology理论和黑洞的存在，定性地解释了“DI海格立斯双星进动”问题和彗尾的变化规律，对统一场论的研究可能会有所帮助。

文章在写作的过程中，许多专家给予了大量的帮助，在此表示谢意，下面仅列出其中的几位： 虞昊（清华大学物理系）、曹昌祺（北京大学物理科学与技术学院、理论物理博士生导师）、彭桓武（两弹元勋、中国科学院院士、中国科学院理论物理研究所第一任所长、爱尔兰皇家科学院院士）、孟昭曜（重庆教育学院计算机与现代教育技术系）、陈寿元（山东师范大学信息管理学院）、高秉坤（《大学物理》的副主编）、张礼（清华大学原工程物理系主任、理论物理博士生导师）、郭东升（美籍华人、中国科学院上海光学精密仪器研究所特聘专家、理论物理博士生导师）、尚仁成（清华大学物理系副主任）、周卫平（湖南城市学院）、Frank Meng(美籍华人)、邝宇平（清华大学物理系、中国科学院院士）、李国栋（中国科学院物理研究所）、石益祥（舟山学院数学系）。

李学生

2007年3月

参考文献：

【1】 费曼，关于科学的演讲。

【2】 周光召，如何发展中国的理论物理，《科学》2004.6

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